Question 1

The term diplococcus refers to an irregular cluster of spherical bacterial cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Gram-negative bacteria

Accepted Answer

A)   are more susceptible to antibiotics that target peptidoglycan than gram-positive organisms.
B)   are less susceptible to antibiotics that target peptidoglycan than gram-positive organisms.
C)   stain purple in the Gram stain.
D)   encompass all pathogens.
E)   None of the choices is correct.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 3

The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   material would not be able to cross the cell membrane
B)   protein synthesis would stop
C)   destruction of the cell's DNA
D)   formation of glycogen inclusions
E)   loss of the capsuleF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Bacteria in the genus Mycoplasma and bacteria called L-forms lack cell walls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The bacterial chromosome ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is located in the cell membrane
B)   contains all the cell's plasmids
C)   is part of the nucleoid
D)   forms a single linear strand of DNA
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

The term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from the same site is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   amphitrichous
B)   atrichous
C)   lophotrichous
D)   monotrichous
E)   peritrichousF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

All bacterial cells have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   one or more chromosomes
B)   one or more fimbriae
C)   the ability to produce endospores
D)   capsules
E)   flagellaF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Alcohol-based compounds can weaken the outer membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell structure detects calcium and dipicolinic acid. What is the identity of this structure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cell wall
B)   Capsule
C)   Slime layer
D)   Nucleoid
E)   EndosporeF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

Microscopic analysis revealed the presence of gram-negative bacilli in the patient's stool. Based upon this information, which of the following accurately describes the appearance of the bacterium under magnification?

Accepted Answer

A)   Red spheres
B)   Purple rods
C)   Purple spheres
D)   Red rodsE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

All of the following structures contribute to the ability of pathogenic bacteria to cause disease except the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   inclusions
B)   fimbriae
C)   capsule
D)   slime layer
E)   LPSF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Endospores are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   metabolically inactive
B)   resistant to heat and chemical destruction
C)   resistant to destruction by radiation
D)   living structures
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

The specimens are Gram-stained and analyzed microscopically. The laboratory technician observes spherical purple cells arranged in short chains. Based upon this evidence, which of the following microbes is potentially the pathogen affecting the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacillus cereus
B)   Vibrio cholerae
C)   Staphylococcus aureus
D)   Streptococcus pneumoniaeE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Which structure protects bacteria from being phagocytized by white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Slime layer
B)   Fimbriae
C)   Cell membrane
D)   Capsule
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

The term that refers to flagella at both poles is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   amphitrichous
B)   atrichous
C)   lophotrichous
D)   monotrichous
E)   peritrichousF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

During the Gram stain, ________ cells decolorize when the alcohol is applied.

Accepted Answer

A)   gram-positive
B)   gram-negative
C)   both gram-positive and -negativeD) B) and C)
E) A) and C)

Question 17

The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   flagella
B)   cilia
C)   fimbriae
D)   periplasmic flagella (axial filaments) 
E)   sex piliF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

The organism Mycoplasma pneumoniae that causes "walking pneumonia" lacks a cell wall. In which of the following taxonomic divisions is it classified?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tenericutes
B)   Mendosicutes
C)   Gracilicutes
D)   FirmicutesE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Testing is performed on the specimen in the laboratory, including the Gram stain. This test separates bacteria into two broad classes: gram-positive and gram-negative. Which step in the staining process is the differential step, for it only acts upon one type of cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Addition of Gram's iodine (mordant) 
B)   Addition of crystal violet
C)   Decolorization with alcohol
D)   Addition of safranin (counterstain) E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

The gram-positive cell wall is considered stronger than that of gram-negative cells since its hydrophobic outer membrane contains an endotoxin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: Bacteria and Archaea

During the Gram stain, ________ cells decolorize when the alcohol is applied.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term that refers to flagella at both poles is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bacterial chromosome ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria in the genus Mycoplasma and bacteria called L-forms lack cell walls.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endospores are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gram-negative bacteria

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organism Mycoplasma pneumoniae that causes "walking pneumonia" lacks a cell wall. In which of the following taxonomic divisions is it classified?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gram-positive cell wall is considered stronger than that of gram-negative cells since its hydrophobic outer membrane contains an endotoxin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Testing is performed on the specimen in the laboratory, including the Gram stain. This test separates bacteria into two broad classes: gram-positive and gram-negative. Which step in the staining process is the differential step, for it only acts upon one type of cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alcohol-based compounds can weaken the outer membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from the same site is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following structures contribute to the ability of pathogenic bacteria to cause disease except the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The specimens are Gram-stained and analyzed microscopically. The laboratory technician observes spherical purple cells arranged in short chains. Based upon this evidence, which of the following microbes is potentially the pathogen affecting the patient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All bacterial cells have ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term diplococcus refers to an irregular cluster of spherical bacterial cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microscopic analysis revealed the presence of gram-negative bacilli in the patient's stool. Based upon this information, which of the following accurately describes the appearance of the bacterium under magnification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure protects bacteria from being phagocytized by white blood cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell structure detects calcium and dipicolinic acid. What is the identity of this structure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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